From memorisation to agency: Education in the age of artificial intelligence - By Zaid K. Maaytah, The Jordan Times
The use of artificial intelligence tools by students in Jordan is no longer unusual, it has become part of the ordinary rhythm of school and university life, many students see these tools as practical assistants that save time and reduce pressure, parents respond with mixed emotions, appreciating the convenience yet worrying about whether real understanding is being replaced by shortcuts, some teachers observe the shift with caution, concerned about declining effort and academic integrity, this change is not theoretical, it is happening every day, artificial intelligence entered classrooms through student behavior long before it appeared in official reform plans, students adopted it quickly while institutions are still trying to decide how to respond, the real question is no longer whether it should be allowed, but how it will reshape the meaning of learning itself.
For decades academic success was closely tied to memorization and precise recall, exams often measured a student’s ability to retrieve information more than the ability to analyze or reinterpret it, when grades reward the correct answer more than the thinking behind it, students naturally look for the fastest route to completion, artificial intelligence did not create this habit, it simply exposed it, it fits neatly into an educational culture that has trained students to receive ready made answers from an external authority, whether a teacher or a textbook, if used only to generate instant solutions it reinforces this pattern, yet if it is integrated into a carefully designed learning process it can become a tool that strengthens thinking, students can be required to explain their reasoning, document their steps, and compare alternative approaches before reaching a conclusion.
Recent educational experiences show that when artificial intelligence is treated as a guide rather than a shortcut the nature of learning begins to change, instead of delivering final answers systems can be structured to ask a sequence of questions that lead students through their own reasoning, adaptive platforms can adjust tasks according to performance and provide immediate feedback, digital literacy and a clear understanding of how these systems work can be woven into curricula so that use does not turn into blind dependence, for Jordan this presents an opportunity to build a gradual model suited to its context, universities can require students to disclose and reflect on their use of AI in assessments, selected school subjects can pilot adaptive learning platforms, and secondary education can introduce structured digital awareness programs, the challenge is not importing technology, it is designing how it is used.
This transformation extends beyond artificial intelligence itself to the wider digital learning environment, with the spread of educational platforms and connected devices it is now possible to offer real time feedback and tailor lessons to individual learning speeds, when students can see their progress clearly their motivation often increases because effort feels visible and measurable, yet excessive monitoring or turning technology into a tool of control can undermine trust and weaken intrinsic motivation, students engage more deeply when they feel competent and respected rather than constantly observed, the design of digital education must therefore support learning while preserving a sense of autonomy.
For Jordan this conversation also carries an economic dimension, the country seeks to position itself within a competitive digital economy, future jobs will not depend on avoiding artificial intelligence but on working alongside it, the labor market increasingly values critical thinking, adaptability, and the ability to interpret digital outputs, if educational institutions respond by simply banning these tools graduates may leave with theoretical knowledge but limited practical readiness, however if their use is guided thoughtfully students will be better prepared for a rapidly changing marketplace.
Artificial intelligence did not suddenly weaken education, it revealed how heavily we have relied on measuring competence through information recall, it exposed the gap between knowing and understanding, the choice facing educational leaders today is not between resisting technology and embracing it, it is between preserving an outdated model and redesigning a learning environment that encourages initiative, responsibility, and sound judgment, in a world where intelligent systems are woven into daily life progress will not be measured by our ability to block these tools, but by our ability to teach the next generation to use them with confidence and awareness.
Zaid K. Maaytah — Researcher in Economics and Behavioral Policy